Please allow me to settle this question.
The proper name for public toilets depends on the context and region:
Formal / International English: public restroom, public toilet, or simply toilet
British English: public conveniences, lavatory, WC (water closet)
American English: public restroom, bathroom (though “bathroom” is often used even without a bath)
Signage shorthand: WC, 🚻 symbol, or “Ladies / Gents”
If you mean the official, urban-planning term, municipalities often call them “public conveniences” or “public sanitation facilities.”
This should resolve this particular debate. The moderator should lock this thread.